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Saturday
Sep282013

Bunin, "К вечеру море шумней и мутней"

A work ("As evening nears, a louder, wilder sea") by this Russian man of letters.  You can read the original here.

As evening nears, a louder, wilder sea  
Obtains; more smoke hides a more distant sail.
At dachas nannies let their children flee, 
As coldest winter winds from Finland wail.  

This sea, all sand and shrubs, now I pursue  
To pines of bluish-green; and from cold firs 
I tear wax needles, as from conifer,  
And turn them into crosses, two by two.

So now we find a bench, straw parasols,  
A craggy cliff, thick fog as if a nest,  
A crimson-haz'd horizon's waterfall, 
That guards the alien, foreboding West. 

Above the cliff, the selfsame hammock bears  
A languid and capricious maiden's pace;
Beside her sits a crank quite pale of face,
O'er book bent, with pince-nez, in linen chair.

She slumbers, swinging in her gauze net lines, 
As he plays her Balmont's poetic lyre,   
And darkness cloaks the West through whistling pines,
And fearful clouds avoid horizon's fire.  

Wednesday
Sep252013

The Temple

What do we know about war?  If we are fortunate, only the most attenuated of yarns, the most remote of whispers.  We do not wish to learn what powers or prophecies make men murder men, goad an otherwise upstanding people to thirst for the blood of another region's equally respectable denizens, and entomb those replete with a long and hopeful future in the lineaments of permanent youth.  Every historian by dint of his vocation must review the slaughters, the mayhem, the depravity of nations whose bare traces of civilization he likely plans to chronicle.  What remains after war?  Some say once you have lived through a war, you never live again.  Life becomes the endless repetition, both in sleep and waking, of the horrors witnessed and unimaginable wickedness done unto others.  Unto others?  Well, if we have survived, then necessarily unto others, because whatever was done unto us clearly failed in its intent.  Which brings us to a topical work of unforeseen literary endurance.

Our time is a century ago – the last months of the most destructive war Europe had ever seen, if merely a foretaste of an even vaster calamity – and our place is the Yucatán, where a singular item has washed ashore.  A bottled message written by a German U-boat commander who has outlived his entire crew just to be able to communicate a story that has little place in our reality and has nudged the commander's towards a veritable pandemonium.  Any preface to the brutality, however, should come from his own pen:

On the afternoon of June 18, as reported by wireless to the U-61, bound for Kiel, we torpedoed the British freighter Victory, New York to Liverpool, in N. Latitude 45 degrees 16 minutes, W. Longitude 28 degrees 34 minutes, permitting the crew to leave in boats in order to obtain a good cinema view for the admiralty records. The ship sank quite picturesquely, bow first, the stern rising high out of the water whilst the hull shot down perpendicularly to the bottom of the sea.  Our camera missed nothing, and I regret that so fine a reel of film should never reach Berlin.  After that we sank the lifeboats with our guns and submerged. 

The ruthlessness of such an act is worsted by the appearance of a seaman's corpse, "young, rather dark, and very handsome; probably an Italian or Greek, and undoubtedly of the Victory's crew," atop the resurfacing submarine.  Why would someone blown off a boat seek refuge on the vessel responsible for his doom?  An answer to that question may lie in the "very odd bit of ivory carved to represent a youth's head crowned with laurel" found on the body.  The trinket is seized by the commander's deputy, a certain Lieutenant Klenze, who deems it "of great age and artistic value," although he does not wonder long at how such an object might have come into the possession of an impecunious mariner.    

What happens next should not be revealed on these pages, because the narrative rarely yields asides to contemplate the beautiful and the elevated (our commander is not a sentimental man).  The mischief begins with the very seaman whose charm so attracted the expert eyes of Lieutenant Klenze.  According to Müller (whom the commander, a Prussian, swiftly dismisses as a "superstitious Alsatian swine"), that same beautiful lad so callously murdered by the cowardly superiority of a German submarine did not plummet to Davy Jones's locker when thrown overboard, but "drew its limbs into a swimming position and sped away to the south."  Our commander can barely tolerate normal, hard-working soldiers, so we know Müller's time on our earth is short.  Again we must defer to the narrator:

What worried us more was the talk of Boatswain Müller, which grew wilder as night came on.  He was in a detestably childish state, and babbled of some illusion of dead bodies drifting past the undersea portholes; bodies which looked at him intensely, and which he recognized in spite of bloating as having seen dying during some of our victorious German exploits.  And he said that the young man we had found and tossed overboard was their leader. This was very gruesome and abnormal, so we confined Müller in irons and had him soundly whipped.  The men were not pleased at his punishment, but discipline was necessary.  We also denied the request of a delegation headed by Seaman Zimmer, that the curious carved ivory head be cast into the sea.

Those who admire modern horror films will find in The Temple a blueprint for such entertainment that, when the story was composed in 1920 and published five years later, could not possibly be more prescient.  That the tale turned out to be its author's first professional publication may seem even more ironic considering Lovecraft's subsequent transformation of the field of supernatural and science fiction.  As he plots his own demise, and abets others in theirs, suspicions linger and swirl around the commander's wilful mind, suspicions that are not as easily dismissed as a superstitious Alsatian.  He ponders the strangeness of his predicament as, in very contemporary fashion, his crew members fall prey to a variety of bitter ends, some even emanating from the tip of his pistol.        

A reader not attuned to the sentiments of the period – although written some five years afterwards, one may safely conclude that the anti-German tone reflects Lovecraft's outrage over this infamous torpedoing – may find the whole business offensive, but our commander may still be pitied.  After all, he is a learned man who has stocked his quarters with reference books on oceanic flora and fauna to be browsed during "spare moments."  He categorically refuses to surrender to an American warship even at the behest of one unfortunate seaman, "who urged this un-German act with especial violence."  His own U-boat, that terrible shark of war, is incapacitated and herded further and further south by, he notes (he has studied those fauna texts all too well), a school of dolphins to depths these cetacea could not possibly probe.  And what then of our story's title?  We may be reminded of a term for something so vile that it must remain before the temple gates, never to enter.  And we may also think of our commander, for all his faults, as the lesser of two evils.     

Thursday
Sep192013

Vallejo, "Bordas de hielo"

A work ("Mainsails of ice") by this Peruvian man of letters.  You can read the original here.

I have just seen you pass all of these days, 
A charming little steam cloud always far;
Your eyes are two blond captains in their gaze; 
Your lip a handkerchief – red shortest bar – 
Which flutters in a last farewell of blood!  

I have just seen you pass; until, one day, 
Drunk both on cruelty and sweetest time,
That charming little steam cloud, always far, 
Forever will depart, that evening star!  

The riggings; winds that will betray, so bent
Of woman, of a woman now long gone! 
Your captains, coldest captains will charge on, 
And it is I who'll have departed then.

Monday
Sep162013

Young Adam

At the beginning of this film a swan paddles his way around this river, and then promptly morphs into a deceased princess.  We only learn she is a princess after numerous angles on her floating cadaver have been explored, but none that reveals her face or, apart from a petticoat, her probable gender.  The first face we do see is that of Joe Hardy (Ewan McGregor), a shipyard worker who combs the body onto the wharf with the help of his colleague Les (Peter Mullan).  Joe covers her fundament with her slip then palms her back so gently that it is clear he knows the identity of this unfortunate and, more than likely, how she achieved her sorry state.  He descends the stairs to eat with Les's unhappy family, whose wife Ella (Tilda Swinton) lies about the eggs she bought but didn't share.  Then he is aboveground again, smoking, watching the stretcher suddenly uncover a dangling leg and revealing something that he shouldn't have revealed.  Ella sees it as well and she is horrified. 

From this initial sequence three distinct characters arise: Joe is attractive, libidinous, and intelligent in that mild, college-educated manner that suggests he can talk about most things and not sound like an utter fool; Les, in no small coincidence, is none of the above; and Ella has not been loved in a very long time for anything she might be able to offer humanity – her face is always taut, her voice always on the brink of cracking, her eyes bulging in fear that the world which confronts her every morning will never get any better.  It is Ella who owns the Atlantic Eve, the scow on which the three receive coal shipments; it is also Ella who has "spent her whole life on barges" and knows what they can do to a human soul.  Les has no ostensible hobbies apart from darts ("I never lose," he insists) at the local pub, and has few lessons with which to instruct his prepubescent son Jim.  But Joe has a much brighter future ahead of him, if only because he is in no way bound to the barge.  When he confesses during one miserable mealtime that he plays darts, Ella seems disappointed: "I thought you did better things with your time."  At that same dinner, Joe gives Ella a look he will impart throughout the film to many women.  Soon thereafter they lurch out to a corner of the towpath and Joe takes what he needs and gives nothing in return.  That is why his subsequent seduction of Cathie (Emily Mortimer) should not surprise us in the least.  The scenes with Cathie are interpolated without subtlety or pretension, and we soon discover far too much about her relationship with Joe Taylor, a man who strikingly resembles our charming stevedore.  Joe Taylor, however, has other plans for his young life.  He is writing a novel that could very well be patterned on Young Adam, and his vocalized intention is to travel to the alien planet of China for reasons that, while obvious, are never clarified.  Now there is a type of man who will say anything to make a girl discard her clothes and inhibitions, and there is another type who will do anything, however dangerous, foolhardy, or radical with precisely the same end in mind.  Yet Joe belongs squarely to a third grouping.  This subspecies is convinced that women, like rainwater and poetry, must be hoarded.  One can never get enough of them; and the more one has, the more one understands why people do and say what they have always done and said, mechanically and instinctively.  

Indeed, for generations philandering artists have justified their inability or unwillingness to love only one woman through some ridiculous notion that the more of the world's womanhood one samples, the more one is prepared, if not entitled, to describe it (perhaps Joe consciously subscribes to this theory, although it is far more likely than he doesn't ponder strategies to that extent).  When he first possesses Ella, they refrain from discussing what she saw that morning on the pier as if she always knew he was complicit in the act.  But once they regain the houseboat she proposes to make him the egg that he never received, and she becomes more and more amenable to opportunistic copulation, even going so far as to fulfill his unexpressed wishes.  When Ella asks Joe how long it would take to divorce Les, Joe responds that he knows "nothing about such things" – and how could he since he has no interest in commitment much less its dissolution.  At precisely the film's midpoint, we behold Joe near Ella's breast fitted with a fly rubbing its front limbs together, a gesture which reminds us of the man observing that breast.  Joe comments that they have loved too long and Les will shortly be upon them, which they both agree would be unpleasant.  Yet they slip back into caresses and moans and the next thing they know they are roused by heavy and invisible footfall on the scow's deck, the reverse of an earlier scene when Joe walks silently on the side of the tunnel as the barge passes through.  Why do they not care whether Les knows?  Because, as is so often the rationale in extramarital excursions, any smart spouse would have known all along.  Moreover, that spouse's longstanding ignorance testifies to his lack of interest in the cheating party, which now unfortunately sounds much like a defense attorney's opening argument. 

That the world in which this little tragedy takes place is fallen should not be doubted; the only question is whether the examination in Young Adam, at times hedonistic and self-absorbed, is worth our attention.  A few facts do elevate the banal: Les's obsession with being mentioned in the paper; Joe's obsession with being the other man, if only for a few minutes here and there; the sudden appearance of Ella's slutty, gin-guzzling sister Gwen, a newly minted widow who utters the best line in the film ("Drink.  We've got things to do"); and the very first words Cathie confesses to Joe on a placid and otherwise harmless beach.  The love triangle, or trapezoid, or pentagon (Joe appears to enjoy recalculating the odds at every interval) leads to the eventual arrest of a plumber by the name of Daniel Gordon.  Cathie had mentioned Gordon earlier as her boyfriend of sorts, although he was married and, by her own admission, she did not love him.  Only later, in a copy of a ubiquitous Glasgow newspaper which gets tossed into the water, do we first see Gordon's face beneath a horrific headline, the same water in which both a swan and a dead princess had swum.  Then, in the film's best scene, Les hands over the wheel to Joe who enters the tunnel and instantaneously becomes a shadow as if Gordon's pending trial made him once again a non-entity.  But what is fascinating in a gray and sensual world like the version of 1960 Scotland depicted is how sin gets punished in a multitude of ways.  Gordon is an adulterer and he may hang; Ella is an adulteress who ends up with a son, a barge, and perhaps, it is suggested, Les's forgiveness, if that's worth anything at all; Cathie is promiscuous and desperate for life to sweep her off her dainty feet, yet she should know better than dealing with a married man twice her age and a scoundrel like Joe.  And what about our dear old protagonist?  He ends up with nothing but an engraved mirror: "Think of me when you look at yourself.  Love, Cathie."  No wonder he cannot but stroke his ribs.       

Friday
Sep132013

Verlaine, "A une femme"

A work ("To a woman") by this French poet.  You can read the original here.

Image result for paul verlaineThese verses, those for your consoling grace,  
For your large eyes, where sweet sleep thrives or ends, 
For your pure soul, all good, to you I send;   
These verses hide my most distressful face.

There's but, alas, one nightmare, horrid lies,  
So ceaseless, furious, jealous, mad a dream;  
Into a train of wolves it multiplies,  
And o'er my bloodied fate it hangs and screams! 

I suffer, how I suffer horribly! 
To me, first man's first groan from Eden chas'd, 
Is nothing but bucolic sophistry!

And worries you might not have yet effac'd   
Like swallows in the postnoon sky will play, 
In warm September, Dear, in finest day.